Topics: Apathy | Confusion Assessment Method (CAM) | Delirium | Dementia | Depression | Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) | MMSE | MOCA | SLUMS

Symptoms of dementia, delirium, and depression in older adults may overlap, and these disorders often occur simultaneously. We learn how to disentangle these three illnesses through screeners and medical work-up, and how to optimize their management.

Topics: Alzheimers | Atrophy | CT | DaT Scan | fMRi | Frontotemporal dementia | Imaging | LATE | MRI | Parkinson’s | PET Scan | White matter hyperintensities

When does imaging change management? Dr. Ajilore describes when to order neuroimaging and what to look for. He walks us through various imaging modalities (both structural and functional) that can point us toward the correct diagnosis.

Topics: Altered Mental Status (AMS) | Confusion | Confusion Assessment Method (CAM) | Delirium | Dementia | Disorganization

Treatment of delirium involves correction of the underlying medical disturbance. But how do we best think through potential causes? Dr. Aziz shares his systematic approach and clinical pearls in conducting a physical exam and ordering the appropriate work-up.

Topics: Bipolar Disorder | Borderline Personality Disorder | Disinhibition | Frontotemporal dementia | Hypomania | Mania | MOCA | Neuropsychological testing | Personality Disorders | Self-injury | Stimulants | Suicide

Dr. Tampi describes the course of personality disorders as patients age and provides documentation tips for clinicians who suspect personality disorders. He describes his differential of late onset mania, as well as the role of neuropsychological testing and neurological exam in narrowing the differential.

Topics: Depression | Folate | Supplementation | Vitamin B12

Checking vitamin B12 levels in older adults is recommended, as low levels correlate with depression. This study did not show a similar association between folate levels and depression.

Topics: Dementia | Flu Shot | Immune System | Influenza vaccination | Microglia

Although there is an association between influenza vaccinations and a lower dementia risk, association is not causation.

Topics: CME Post-Test

The post-test for this issue is available for one year after the publication date to subscribers only. By successfully completing the test you will be awarded a certificate for 2 CME Credits.